nucleoside$53979$ - translation to Αγγλικά
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nucleoside$53979$ - translation to Αγγλικά

CLASS OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
Nucleotide triphosphates; DNTP; DNTPs; Nucleoside triphosphates; Nucleoside 5ʹ-triphosphate
  • Binding of a ligand to a G protein-coupled receptor allows GTP to bind the G protein. This causes the alpha subunit to leave and act as a downstream effector.
  • The energy released during hydrolysis of adenosine tripshophate (ATP), shown here, is frequently coupled with energetically unfavourable cellular reactions.
  • In nucleic acid synthesis, the 3’ OH of a growing chain of nucleotides attacks the α-phosphate on the next NTP to be incorporated (blue), resulting in a phosphodiester linkage and the release of pyrophosphate (PPi). This figure shows DNA synthesis, but RNA synthesis occurs through the same mechanism.
  • center

nucleoside      
n. nucleoside, composto organico nel DNA e RNA composto di uno zucchero e una base (bioch.)

Ορισμός

nucleoside
¦ noun Biochemistry an organic compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base linked to a sugar, e.g. adenosine.

Βικιπαίδεια

Nucleoside triphosphate

A nucleoside triphosphate is a nucleoside containing a nitrogenous base bound to a 5-carbon sugar (either ribose or deoxyribose), with three phosphate groups bound to the sugar. They are the molecular precursors of both DNA and RNA, which are chains of nucleotides made through the processes of DNA replication and transcription. Nucleoside triphosphates also serve as a source of energy for cellular reactions and are involved in signalling pathways.

Nucleoside triphosphates cannot be absorbed well, so they are typically synthesized within the cell. Synthesis pathways differ depending on the specific nucleoside triphosphate being made, but given the many important roles of nucleoside triphosphates, synthesis is tightly regulated in all cases. Nucleoside analogues may also be used to treat viral infections. For example, azidothymidine (AZT) is a nucleoside analogue used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS.